吃瓜群众必知
说起“吃瓜群众”,咱们是当之无愧的第一名,毕竟中国消费者每年大约能吃掉世界上 70% 的西瓜。在享受着西瓜带来快乐的同时,我们也应当为我国西瓜产业感到无比骄傲和自豪。
与苹果、葡萄、草莓、番茄等水果品种长期依赖于进口不同,市面上常见的‘早佳 8424’、‘美都’、‘特小凤’、‘京欣’、‘早春红玉’、‘中卫硒砂瓜’等品种均为国产品种,这些优秀品种的选育,更是离不开我国西甜瓜产业中优秀的科学家和育种家们的毕生努力。
像“西瓜大王”许勇,带领科研团队,率先完成构建了世界上第一张西瓜全基因组序列遗传图谱,揭开了西瓜的遗传密码,为西瓜的遗传研究和品种选育做出了卓越的贡献。他主持选育的品种‘京欣’、‘华欣’、‘京美’等品种遍布黄淮海地区。
而吴明珠院士,是我国西甜瓜产业的奠基人,她不仅选育了‘早佳 8424’等优秀西瓜品种,更对甜瓜品种选育做出卓越贡献,她在 21 岁生日那天的日记中写下:“人生最美好的事情就是你创造出来的一切都能为人民服务。”她现在已经是九旬老人,还在与阿尔兹海默症抗争,即便如此,还时不时地嘟囔着“瓜该授粉了”。
此外,西瓜的可口与美味,与产地的水土、温差、气候等因素也是分不开的,这也造就了我国几大西瓜优势产区。
如山东地区的东明西瓜;江苏盐城所产的东台西瓜;河南地区的中牟西瓜、夏邑西瓜、开封西瓜;宁夏地区产的硒砂瓜(石头瓜);广西、海南等地区为冬季西瓜的主产地,主要种植麒麟瓜、特小凤、黑美人等。这些产区有着各自主产西瓜种类,也有着不同的上市时间,造就了我国西瓜的周年生产,四季有瓜吃!
大大的西瓜不仅是夏日解暑的神器,它承载着我们一代又一代人对于夏天的美好记忆,更是我国民族富强,种业腾飞的一个缩影。
现在的设施种植技术有了巨大发展,即使在寒冷的冬天,我们依然能吃到新鲜爽口的西瓜。但这依然撼动不了西瓜在夏季的地位。因为夏季离不开西瓜,西瓜也永远属于夏季!
(对专业人士来说,最保险的挑瓜方法,既不是看也不是听,而是靠日历。
在西瓜生产和采收环节中,西瓜的成熟度一般不通过拍瓜来判断,而是通过计算授粉时间到成熟时间的天数,来对西瓜成熟度有个基本的了解,再通过抽样调查,剖开个别西瓜查看成熟度,这样会更加方便也更准确,毕竟天天下瓜田去一个一个拍瓜和找瓜来采收的话,想想那个工作量都腿软啊。
一般早熟西瓜在对雌花进行授粉后 27 天左右即可成熟;中熟西瓜授粉后 30 天左右成熟;晚熟西瓜授粉后 35 天以上才能成熟。这种判断成熟的方式往往更加直接且不容易出错。)
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https://app-image.maidi.me/pic/20230705/1688562040034205_499.png?watermark/1/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9hcHAtaW1hZ2UubWFpZGkubWUvcGljLzIwMjMwNTA4L3FpX25pdV8xNjgzNTM2MjA3MTM0XzQ0NF81MzVfNDg0LnBuZw==/dissolve/50/gravity/SouthEast/dx/20/dy/20
https://app-image.maidi.me/pic/20230705/1688563194878856_213.jpg?watermark/1/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9hcHAtaW1hZ2UubWFpZGkubWUvcGljLzIwMjMwNTA4L3FpX25pdV8xNjgzNTM2MjA3MTM0XzQ0NF81MzVfNDg0LnBuZw==/dissolve/50/gravity/SouthEast/dx/20/dy/20 https://app.maidi.me/public/emotion/face_081.png 今年的雨水较多,我种的西瓜收成不好,种下十颗秧苗只收获八个西瓜。 值夏有个路边西瓜很好吃 我知道这个西瓜打不出来
https://app-image.maidi.me/pic/20230705/1688569113317486915.jpg?watermark/1/image/aHR0cHM6Ly9hcHAtaW1hZ2UubWFpZGkubWUvcGljLzIwMjMwNTA4L3FpX25pdV8xNjgzNTM2MjA3MTM0XzQ0NF81MzVfNDg0LnBuZw==/dissolve/50/gravity/SouthEast/dx/20/dy/20 现在的瓜8毛钱一斤 冰冻西瓜来一个
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